This dataset comprises 759 place records, digitized in 2018 from 15 of the 48 maps in Yuri Bregel's scholarly atlas. The maps' extensive sources, detailed in the Preface and Notes, include "...all reliable general surveys of Central Asian history, and scholarly works on specific historical topics that contain significant historico-geographical information, with or without maps." The data comprises not only settlements, but historical cultural and political regions, spatial extents for which are indeterminate and indicated by dashed boundaries around their labels on the map plates.